The original vision of autonomous, highly flexible and self-organising factories is still a long way off. So to find out where "Industry 4.0" really stands today, Roland Berger dug deeper, traced what has happened (and what hasn't), examined the use cases that the automotive industry has focused on, how far they have progressed, where there are differences between OEMs, OESs and different regions, and explored how these use cases are developed and implemented in practice.